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The mineral atlas

Feldspars and green stone families

Compare feldspar gems and a wider assortment of green stones, including jade and serpentine. This practical directory groups familiar shop materials while each guide preserves its separate geological identity.

10 specimens · Geology, history, and attributed traditions

Decorative mineral illustration of Amazonite.

The turquoise lattice

Amazonite

Green to blue-green microcline feldspar.

Amazonite is green-to-blue-green microcline, a potassium feldspar. Blocky fragments and pale streaks give it a different architecture from green chalcedony. Its color does not identify jade or turquoise, even when a polished shape resembles those stones.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Labradorite.

A flash beneath gray

Labradorite

A plagioclase feldspar variety known for labradorescence.

Labradorite is plagioclase feldspar, frequently with a gray body and a blue, green or gold flash. The broad flash changes with angle and lighting. A motionless photograph can show a vivid view or a subdued one without either representing the entire appearance.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Moonstone.

A floating sheen

Moonstone

Adularescent feldspar material, classically intergrown alkali feldspars.

Moonstone is a gem designation for feldspar with a floating, billowing sheen called adularescence. White, peach, gray and dark trade forms share a luminous appearance but require material-specific identification. The sheen is an optical structure, not light emitted by the stone.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Sunstone.

Copper light

Sunstone

Feldspar gem material with reflective inclusions, sometimes showing aventurescence.

Sunstone is a feldspar gem with reflective inclusions producing glitter or a warm shimmering appearance. A bright orange body is not its only form. The inclusion type and feldspar composition vary among documented sources.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Larvikite.

Silver in the dark

Larvikite

Norwegian igneous rock rich in feldspar that can show blue-silver iridescence.

Larvikite is a dark coarse-grained igneous rock whose feldspar grains can flash silver-blue. A polished piece contains intergrown minerals; it is not one large labradorite crystal. Architectural slabs make the whole-rock texture especially easy to see.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Tourmaline.

Striated towers

Tourmaline

Borosilicate mineral supergroup / black tourmaline focus

Tourmaline is a chemically diverse borosilicate supergroup. Black striated prisms provide a familiar crystal-shop silhouette, but pink, green, blue and multicolored gems show a much wider range. Color names and mineral species answer different questions.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Jade.

Two mineral traditions

Jade

Jadeite jade and nephrite / a material umbrella

Jade is a gem-material name encompassing distinct tough aggregates, principally jadeite jade and nephrite. It is not defined simply by green color. White, lavender, dark and differently colored jade can all occur, and the mineral type should remain explicit whenever an example is identified.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Serpentine.

A veined green landscape

Serpentine

Serpentine-group minerals and serpentine-rich rock

Serpentine names a mineral group, while serpentinite is a rock dominated by serpentine minerals. Green carving material can include antigorite or lizardite, but a decorative photograph cannot establish its precise components. The group also includes fibrous chrysotile, making a species-level distinction consequential.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Garnet.

The many faced seed

Garnet

A group of related silicate minerals.

Garnet is a mineral group, not only a red gemstone. Equant crystals, massive material and orange or green gems show its breadth. Shared crystal structure links compositions that can differ substantially in chemistry and appearance.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Peridot.

Olive light

Peridot

Gem-quality olivine, usually magnesium-rich.

Peridot is gem-quality olivine, usually yellow-green through olive green. Rough can occur as grains in a darker volcanic host rather than a long pointed crystal. Its green appearance differs from many gems whose color chiefly depends on trace components.

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