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The mineral atlas

Chalcedony and jasper families

Explore banded, patterned, and colored silica materials through agate, chalcedony, and jasper. The guides explain meaningful varieties, mixed rocks, geographical labels, and the limits of retail names.

12 specimens · Geology, history, and attributed traditions

Decorative mineral illustration of Agate.

The nested horizon

Agate

Patterned, commonly banded chalcedony, a fine-grained silica material.

Agate is patterned fine-grained silica, commonly recognized by visible bands and some translucency. A slice can expose repeated outlines around a former cavity. Locality names and visual pattern names are useful for comparison, but do not create additional mineral species.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Blue Lace Agate.

Pale blue lace

Blue Lace Agate

Pale blue-and-white banded chalcedony.

Blue lace agate combines pale blue chalcedony with white lace-like bands. The soft blue and repeated waves distinguish its visual character from an unbanded blue tumble. A small polished piece may show only a fragment of a much larger pattern.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Moss and Tree Agate.

A mineral garden

Moss and Tree Agate

Chalcedony with mineral inclusions resembling moss or branches.

Moss and tree agate contain mineral patterns that resemble small gardens or branches. The resemblance is descriptive: no plant needs to be present. Tree-agate retail material often emphasizes green marks against a paler field, while a more translucent background can make moss-like inclusions appear deeper.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Dendritic Agate.

Branches in stone

Dendritic Agate

Chalcedony with branching mineral inclusions.

Dendritic agate contains branching inclusions in fine-grained silica. Dark twigs against a white, gray or translucent field create miniature landscapes. Dendritic describes a growth pattern, not a fossil tree or a single chemical species.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Carnelian.

The ember pebble

Carnelian

Orange to reddish chalcedony.

Carnelian is orange-to-red chalcedony, commonly translucent at a thin edge and smooth or waxy in its polished appearance. Its fine texture makes it suitable for small carvings and engraved surfaces rather than large visible pointed crystals.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Chalcedony.

A waxen blue

Chalcedony

Microcrystalline/fibrous silica aggregate; includes many named gem varieties.

Chalcedony is a fine-grained silica aggregate, not one large visible quartz crystal. In narrower gem usage the name often denotes relatively even blue, white or gray material, while the wider family includes many patterned varieties such as agate and carnelian.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Chrysoprase.

The apple green field

Chrysoprase

Nickel-colored green chalcedony.

Chrysoprase is green chalcedony, valued for apple-green color and gentle translucency. It lacks aventurine’s conspicuous scattered glitter and is not jade simply because it is green. An even surface and a mottled interior can share the same broad material identity.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Bloodstone.

Red on green

Bloodstone

Green chalcedony/jasper material with red markings.

Classic bloodstone places red marks against a deep green silica-rich background. Heliotrope is an established alternative name. The red spots suggested blood to observers, but they are mineral coloration rather than blood or fossil organic matter.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Onyx and Sardonyx.

Parallel strata

Onyx and Sardonyx

Parallel-banded chalcedony; sardonyx includes sard-colored bands.

Onyx and sardonyx are layered chalcedony materials. Straight or nearly parallel contrasting bands offer a carver a deliberate relationship between image and ground. Sardonyx includes reddish-brown layers; the retail name onyx also needs separation from softer banded carbonate.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Jasper.

The opaque field

Jasper

Opaque, impure, fine-grained silica-rich material; retail use of the name is broader.

Jasper is a broad name for opaque silica-rich material, usually patterned or colored by fine components. Red, yellow, brown and contrasting bands make the category visually expansive. The shop use of jasper stretches beyond strict silica identity, so a pattern name needs its own material explanation.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Ocean Jasper.

A field of orbs

Ocean Jasper

A lapidary trade name associated with orbicular silica-rich material from Madagascar.

Ocean jasper is a trade category associated with orbicular silica-rich material from Madagascar. Rounded spots, concentric outlines, cavities and color fields create its characteristic visual rhythm. The circles are mineral patterns, not proof of a specific numbered vein or coastal collection story.

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Decorative mineral illustration of Mookaite.

Ochre and wine

Mookaite

Silicified radiolarian sedimentary material from Western Australia.

Mookaite is an Australian decorative rock with cream, ochre, red and wine-colored fields. Its opaque polish can resemble familiar jasper, but the material’s specific rock context is more useful than treating the name as a new mineral crystal.

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